Idan ana maganar gwajin laima, yawanci muna da wasu shahararrun gwaje-gwaje.
1. Muhimman Ka'idojin Tsaro na Yanki
1.1 Tarayyar Turai da Birtaniya (Babban Kasuwar Umbrellas don Fitar da Kaya)
EN 13830:2018 Lambobi da Parasols - Bukatun aminci da hanyoyin gwaji
Tsarin aminci na jiki na Turai mai haɗin kai don laima mai naɗewa da hannu, laima mai tsayi da kuma laima mai lanƙwasa a baranda.
- Gwajin gefen kai mai kaifi da maki:Babu ƙuraje, kaifi a kan hakarkari, ƙwanƙolin ko kayan filastik don hana yankewa/hudawa.
- Gwajin gajiya ta buɗewa/rufewa:Laima mai buɗewa/rufewa ta atomatik tana kammala zagayen rufewa sau 500-1000 ba tare da toshewa ba, gazawar bazara ko karyewar sassan.
- Ƙarfin tensile:Haƙarƙari ba za su iya tsinkewa ba ƙarƙashin ƙarfin jan da aka ƙayyade; firam ɗin fiberglass suna wuce nauyi fiye da firam ɗin ƙarfe.
- Riƙe juriyar fitar da kaya:Bai kamata a cire hannaye a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba a tsaye ba. Burtaniya tana bin EN 13830 iri ɗaya tare da alamar UKCA maimakon CE bayan-Brexit.
Dokar REACH (Bisa ga Dokokin Sinadarai, Dole ne Tarayyar Turai/Burtaniya)
Yadin da aka rufe da rufi, yadudduka masu rufi, haƙarƙarin ƙarfe, maƙallan filastik, tawada da aka buga:
- Ƙuntata SVHC (Abubuwan da ke da matuƙar damuwa):Formaldehyde, phthalates, ƙarfe mai nauyi (guba, cadmium), fenti na azo, da kuma abubuwan hana harshen wuta.
- Buga masaka da kuma rufewar UV mai launin baƙi/azurfa dole ne su wuce gwaje-gwajen iyakance ƙaura don gano sinadarai masu guba.
1.2 Ka'idojin Kasuwar Amurka
CPSC & CPSIA (Tsaron Lafiyar Yara da Manya)
- 16 CFR 1303:Murfin da ke ɗauke da gubar mai ƙarfi ga duk sassan ƙarfe/roba da aka fenti (≤90ppm jimlar gubar).
- Gwajin ƙananan sassa na laima na yara: Babu ƙananan haɗarin shaƙewa ga masu amfani da ƙasa da shekara 3.
Shawarar California ta 65 (Shawarar 65)
Lakabin gargaɗi na wajibi idan kayayyakin sun ƙunshi jerin abubuwan da ke haifar da cutar kansa (ƙarfe mai nauyi, wasu sinadarai masu rufi). Yawancin laima na fitar da kaya daga Burtaniya/EU suma suna bin ƙa'idodin tallace-tallace na ƙasashen waje na Amurka.
2. Gwaje-gwajen Ayyukan Masana'anta Masu Muhimmanci
2.1 Gwajin Ruwa Mai Rage Ruwa - Shugaban Hydrostatic (ISO 811)
Yana auna juriyar matsin lamba na zane mai rufi:
- Laima na ruwan sama na yau da kullun:≥3000 mm H₂O (babu ruwan da ke fitowa a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba mai ƙarfi)
- Laima mai kyau ta guguwa/mai hana iska:≥5000–8000 mm H₂O
- Ka'idar gwaji:Matsin ruwa yana ƙaruwa a hankali har sai ya shiga saman masana'anta na ciki. Polyester mai rufi da PU shine kayan da aka fi sani da inganci.
2.2 Gwajin Kariyar UV (UPF)
| Daidaitacce | Matsayi | Matsakaicin Toshewar UV | Yankin da ya dace |
|---|---|---|---|
| AS/NZS 4399 | UPF50+ | ≥98% | AU, NZ, laima mai tsada ta duniya |
| AATCC 183 | UPF50+ | ≥98% | Amurka, Arewacin Amurka |
| An Shawarci Tarayyar Turai | Mafi ƙarancin UPF30 | ≥96.7% | Laima biyu na ruwan sama na rana na Turai |
Kayan aikin gwaji: Na'urar daukar hoto ta UV mai daukar hoto mai tsawon tsayin UVA/UVB 290–400nm. Zane-zanen baƙaƙe masu rufi koyaushe suna samar da mafi girman UPF fiye da zane mai rufi da azurfa ko wanda ba a rufe shi ba.
2.3 Gwaje-gwajen Saurin Launi (Jerin ISO 105)
- ISO 105-B02:Saurin haske (yi kwaikwayon hasken rana mai tsawo a waje; laima mai talla da aka buga tana buƙatar digiri ≥4)
- ISO 105-X12:Gwajin gogewa (gwajin gogewa busasshe/daji don duba bawon tawada a kan kwalaye da aka buga na musamman) Yana da mahimmanci ga kasuwannin Burtaniya/EU waɗanda ke da tsawon ruwan sama, ƙarancin hasken rana amma kuma yanayin danshi.
3. Gwaje-gwajen Inganci na Inganci na Musamman
3.1 Gwajin Juriyar Iska (Lab ɗin Dabara na Musamman + GB/T 31895 nassoshi)
Kwaikwayi iska mai ƙarfi (muhimmi ga yanayin ruwan sama mai ƙarfi a Burtaniya):
- Buɗe laima gaba ɗaya, sannan a shafa ƙarfin iska a kwance a hankali.
- Laima mai inganci ta fiberglass haƙarƙari tana murmurewa ta atomatik bayan an juye ta wani ɓangare ba tare da lanƙwasa ko karyewa na dindindin ba.
- Haƙarƙarin ƙarfe mai araha sau da yawa yakan lalace ko ya karye a lokacin da iska mai ƙarfi ta afkawa gabar tekun Burtaniya.
3.2 Gajiyawar Zagaye na Buɗewa da Rufewa
- Laima masu nadawa da hannu:Zagaye 1000 na buɗewa ba tare da fashewar hinges ba, sassauta haƙarƙari ko yagewar rufin.
- Laima mai rufewa ta atomatik ta atomatik:Mafi ƙarancin zagayowar 800; tsarin bazara dole ne ya kiyaye daidaiton sassauci a yanayin sanyi na hunturu (ruwan sama na hunturu na UK 4–8°C).
- Gwajin tensile:Ja haƙarƙari ɗaya don auna nauyin karyawa; haƙarƙarin fiberglass sun kai ƙarfin karyawa sau 2-3 fiye da haƙarƙarin ƙarfe masu kauri iri ɗaya.
- Gwajin fesa gishirin hana tsatsa (ISO 9227):Yana da mahimmanci ga yanayin zafi mai yawa a Burtaniya. Haƙarƙarin ƙarfe yana nuna tabo na tsatsa a cikin gajeren zagayowar fesa gishiri; cikakken fiberglass yana wucewa gwajin hazo na gishiri na dogon lokaci ba tare da tsatsa ba.
- Ƙofofin kariya masu zagaye a kowace gefen haƙarƙari; babu murfi mai kaifi na ƙarfe.
- Gwajin ƙananan sassa don kawar da haɗarin shaƙewa.
- Ƙananan iyaka na ƙaura mai nauyi na ƙarfe ga maƙallan hannu da yadi na hulɗa da yara.
- Gwajin juyewar iska gaba ɗaya na ASTM F3512 tare da tushe mai nauyi.
- Gwajin nauyin matse sandar tsakiya don hana matse sandar a ƙarƙashin ruwan sama mai ƙarfi da iska.
3.3 Ƙarfin Firam da Haƙarƙari
4. Gwaje-gwaje na Musamman na Nau'i na Musamman
4.1 Umbrellas na Yara (Sashe na Musamman na EU BS / US CPSC)
4.2 Manyan Lambunan Baranda/Golf
5. Takaitaccen Bayani game da Alamomin Biyayya don Fitarwa
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Alamar CE
Kasuwar Tarayyar Turai (ƙaddara EN 13830 + REACH)
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Alamar UKCA
Burtaniya bayan Brexit (daidaitaccen ma'aunin EN 13830, takardar shaida daban)
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An Tabbatar da CPSC
Laima na manya da yara a Amurka
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Lakabin Prop 65
California, Amurka
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Alamar da aka Tabbatar ta UPF
Dole ne idan an buga "Kariyar UV" a kan rufin don AU/EU/US
Gabaɗaya,Gwajin REACH, ENyana shahara a kasuwar Turai,CA65shine don kasuwar Amurka.
Za ka iya aika laima zuwaSGS, TUV, BVaiki don waɗannan gwaje-gwajen.
Lokacin Saƙo: Yuni-18-2026